Humanin

A 24-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of mitochondrial DNA. Humanin is a potent cytoprotective factor that protects cells against apoptosis and stress, with particular relevance to neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular protection, and metabolic health. Its levels decline with age, correlating with age-related disease onset.

• Binds to IGFBP-3 to block BAX-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis
• Activates STAT3 signaling pathway for cell survival
• Interacts with formyl peptide receptors to reduce inflammation
• Protects mitochondrial membrane integrity under stress conditions

• Active cancer (anti-apoptotic effects could theoretically promote tumor survival)
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding
• No established human safety profile

Store at 2–8°C (36–46°F) for up to 3 months. For long-term storage, keep at -20°C (-4°F). Once reconstituted, refrigerate and use within 7 days. The S14G analog (HNG) is more stable than native humanin.

Discovered in 2001 by Bhshimoto et al. during research on Alzheimer's disease, humanin has since been shown to have broad cytoprotective effects. The S14G analog (HNG) is 1000x more potent than native humanin. Studies show that circulating humanin levels decline with age and correlate with Alzheimer's risk, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic disease. Animal studies demonstrate protection against atherosclerosis, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Epidemiological data from centenarian studies (led by Dr. Pinchas Cohen at USC) show elevated humanin levels in exceptionally long-lived individuals.