Carnosine

A naturally occurring dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and histidine, found in high concentrations in muscle and brain tissue. Carnosine is a potent anti-glycation agent that prevents the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) — a major contributor to aging, diabetes complications, and neurodegenerative disease.

• Directly scavenges reactive carbonyl species to prevent AGE formation
• Buffers hydrogen ions in muscle tissue during high-intensity exercise
• Chelates pro-oxidant transition metals (copper, zinc, iron)
• Activates Nrf2 antioxidant response element pathway

• Histidine metabolism disorders
• Chronic kidney disease (consult physician regarding dosing)
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding (insufficient data at high doses)

Store at room temperature (15–25°C (59–77°F)) in a cool, dry place. Protect from moisture and light.

Carnosine has been extensively studied with hundreds of peer-reviewed publications. Human trials have shown benefits for glycemic control in prediabetic and diabetic patients, cognitive function in elderly populations, and exercise performance. A key study in the British Journal of Nutrition demonstrated that 2g/day of carnosine improved glycemic control and reduced AGE levels. Research by Hipkiss and others has established carnosine as one of the most effective natural anti-glycation agents. Its short plasma half-life (due to serum carnosinase) has led to interest in sustained-release formulations.