Ac-SDKP

A tetrapeptide naturally released from Thymosin Beta-4 by prolyl oligopeptidase. Acts as a potent endogenous antifibrotic agent and is normally present in human plasma and urine. Hydrolyzed by ACE.

• Inhibits TGF-β/Smad signaling to prevent fibrosis
• Blocks connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression
• Reduces inflammatory cell infiltration in damaged tissues
• Prevents epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)
• Endogenously maintained by ACE inhibitor therapy (elevated in ACEi users)

• Concurrent ACE inhibitor use (synergistic elevation may be excessive)
• Severe hypotension
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding
• Active bleeding disorders

Store at 2–8°C (36–46°F) for up to 3 months. For long-term storage, keep at -20°C (-4°F). Once reconstituted, use within hours or refrigerate for no more than a few days.

Studied extensively in animal models of cardiac, renal, and hepatic fibrosis with consistent antifibrotic results. Its role as the endogenous substrate of ACE partly explains the antifibrotic benefits of ACE inhibitors. Phase 1 human data exists from hematopoietic studies (Goralatide/Seraspenide).